Surface waves, also known as Rayleigh waves and Love waves, are seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface. They are generated by earthquakes or other seismic sources and propagate outward from the epicenter. Rayleigh waves cause the ground to move with an elliptical motion, combining vertical and horizontal components. In contrast, Love waves travel horizontally and cause shearing of the ground perpendicular to their direction of propagation. Surface waves typically have larger amplitudes and longer wavelengths compared to body waves like P-waves and S-waves, making them responsible for the most significant ground shaking during an earthquake. Studying surface waves helps geologists and seismologists understand the Earth's interior structure and improve seismic hazard assessments in earthquake-prone regions.
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Myint Win Bo, Toronto Metropolitan University , Canada
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Oscar Andres Cuanalo Campos, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, Mexico
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Martina Gaglioti, LIPU, Italy
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